● `color{brown}("Alveoli")` are the primary sites of exchange of gases.
● Exchange of gases also occur between `color{violet}("blood and tissues.")`
● `color{brown}(O_2 "and" CO_2)` are exchanged in these sites by `color{violet}("simple diffusion")` mainly based on `color{brown}("pressure/concentration")` gradient.
● `color{violet}("Solubility")` of the gases as well as the thickness of the membranes involved in `color{violet}("diffusion")` are also some important factors that can affect the `color{violet}("rate of diffusion.")`
● Pressure contributed by an individual gas in a mixture of gases is called `color{brown}("partial pressure")` and is represented as `color{violet}(pO_2)` for oxygen and `color{violet}(pCO_2)` for carbon dioxide.
● `color{violet}("Partial pressures")` of these two gases in the `color{violet}("atmospheric air")` and the two sites of diffusion
● The data given in the table clearly indicates a concentration `color{violet}("gradient for oxygen")` from `color{violet}("alveoli")` to `color{violet}("blood and blood to tissues.")`
● Similarly, a gradient is present for `color{violet}(CO_2)` in the opposite direction, i.e., from `color{violet}("tissues")` to `color{violet}("blood")` and `color{violet}("blood to alveoli.")`
● As the solubility of `color{violet}(CO_2)` is `color{brown}("20-25 times higher")` than that of `color{violet}(O_2)`, the amount of `color{violet}(CO_2)` that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit `color{violet}("difference in partial pressure")` is much higher compared to that of `color{violet}(O_2)`.
● The `color{violet}("diffusion")` membrane is made up of three major layers, namely, the `color{brown}(" thin squamous epithelium")` of `color{violet}("alveoli,")` the `color{brown}("endothelium")` of `color{violet}("alveolar capillaries")` and the `color{brown}("basement substance")` in between them.
● However, its total thickness is much less than a `color{violet}("millimetre.")`
● Therefore, all the factors in our body are favourable for `color{violet}("diffusion")` of `color{brown}(O_2)` from `color{brown}("alveoli")` to `color{brown}("tissues")` and that of `color{violet}(CO_2)` from `color{violet}("tissues to alveoli.")`
● `color{brown}("Alveoli")` are the primary sites of exchange of gases.
● Exchange of gases also occur between `color{violet}("blood and tissues.")`
● `color{brown}(O_2 "and" CO_2)` are exchanged in these sites by `color{violet}("simple diffusion")` mainly based on `color{brown}("pressure/concentration")` gradient.
● `color{violet}("Solubility")` of the gases as well as the thickness of the membranes involved in `color{violet}("diffusion")` are also some important factors that can affect the `color{violet}("rate of diffusion.")`
● Pressure contributed by an individual gas in a mixture of gases is called `color{brown}("partial pressure")` and is represented as `color{violet}(pO_2)` for oxygen and `color{violet}(pCO_2)` for carbon dioxide.
● `color{violet}("Partial pressures")` of these two gases in the `color{violet}("atmospheric air")` and the two sites of diffusion
● The data given in the table clearly indicates a concentration `color{violet}("gradient for oxygen")` from `color{violet}("alveoli")` to `color{violet}("blood and blood to tissues.")`
● Similarly, a gradient is present for `color{violet}(CO_2)` in the opposite direction, i.e., from `color{violet}("tissues")` to `color{violet}("blood")` and `color{violet}("blood to alveoli.")`
● As the solubility of `color{violet}(CO_2)` is `color{brown}("20-25 times higher")` than that of `color{violet}(O_2)`, the amount of `color{violet}(CO_2)` that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit `color{violet}("difference in partial pressure")` is much higher compared to that of `color{violet}(O_2)`.
● The `color{violet}("diffusion")` membrane is made up of three major layers, namely, the `color{brown}(" thin squamous epithelium")` of `color{violet}("alveoli,")` the `color{brown}("endothelium")` of `color{violet}("alveolar capillaries")` and the `color{brown}("basement substance")` in between them.
● However, its total thickness is much less than a `color{violet}("millimetre.")`
● Therefore, all the factors in our body are favourable for `color{violet}("diffusion")` of `color{brown}(O_2)` from `color{brown}("alveoli")` to `color{brown}("tissues")` and that of `color{violet}(CO_2)` from `color{violet}("tissues to alveoli.")`