Physics Current Electricity

primary cell

A primary cell or battery is one that cannot easily be recharged after one use, and are discarded following discharge. Most primary cells utilize electrolytes that are contained within absorbent material or a separator (i.e. no free or liquid electrolyte), and are thus termed dry cells.
ie Chemical reaction involved is one direction.

secondary cell or battery

A secondary cell or battery is one that can be electrically recharged after use to their original pre-discharge condition, by passing current through the circuit in the opposite direction to the current during discharge. The following graphic evidences the recharging process.

Secondary batteries fall into two sub-categories depending on their intended applications.

(i)Cells that are utilized as energy storage devices, delivering energy on demand. Such cells are typically connected to primary power sources so as to be fully charged on demand. Examples of these type of secondary cells include emergency no-fail and standby power sources, aircraft systems and stationary energy storage systems for load-leveling.
(ii)Cells that are essentially utilized as primary cells, but are recharged after use rather than being discarded. Examples of these types of secondary cells primarily include portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles.
ie Chemical reaction involved is bidirectional

Primary vs. Secondary � A Comparison

The following table summarizes the pros and cons of primary and secondary batteries.


 
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