Chemistry METHODS OF POLYMERISATION (ADDITION AND CONDENSATION)

Condensation polymerisation :

(a) They are formed due to condensation reactions.

(b) Condensation polymerisation is also known as step growth polymerisation.

(c) For condensation polymerisation, monomers should have at least two functional groups. Both functional groups may be same or different.

(d) Monomers having only two functional group always give linear polymer. For example : See fig.

(e) Condensation polymers do not contain all atoms initially present in the monomers. Some atoms are lost in the form of small molecules.

(f) Monomer having three functional groups always gives cross-linked polymer. Examples are : Urea-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin.

Addition Polymerisation :

(a) Polymers which are formed by addition reaction are known as addition polymers.

(b) If monomer is ethylene or its derivative, then addition polymer is either linear polymer of branch-chain polymer. Examples are : polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile etc.

(c) See fig.

(d) Addition polymers retain all the atoms of the monomer units in the polymer.

(e) Addition polymerisation takes place in three steps : Initiation, chain propagation and chain termination.

(f) Addition polymers are called as chain growth polymers.


 
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