Mathematics

Determinant of a Matrix

Let A be a square matrix, then the determinant formed by the elements of A without changing their respective positions is called the determinant of A and is denoted by det `A` or `I AI.`

i.e. If `A =[(a_1,a_2,a_3),(b_1,b_2,b_3),(c_1,c_2,c_3)] \ \ \ \ A = |(a_1,a_2,a_3),(b_1,b_2,b_3),(c_1,c_2,c_3)|`


`text(Properties of the Determinant of a Matrix :)`

If A and B are square matrices of same order, then
(i) `|A|` exists <==> `A` is a square matrix.
(ii) `| A'| =| A|`
(iii) `|AB| = | A| | B| `and `|AB| = | BA|`
(iv) If A is orthogonal matrix, then `|A| = ± 1`
(v) If A is skew-symmetric matrix of odd order, then `|A| = 0`
(vi) If A is skew-symmetric matrix of even order, then `| A|` is a perfect square.
(vii) `|kA| = k^n |A|,` where `n` is order of `A` and `k` is scalar.
(viii) `| A^n |= | A|^n,` where `n in N`
(ix) If `A = diag( a_1, a_2 , a_3, ... , a_n),` then `|A| = a_1 · a_2 · a_3... a_n.`

Singular and Non-Singular Matrices

A square matrix A is said to be a singular, if `|A | = 0` and a square matrix `A` is said to be non-singular, if `|A| != 0. `

e.g. 1. `A =[(1,2,3),(-1,0,2),(2,4,6)]` is singular matrix, since `|A| = 0 .`

2. `A= [(2,3),(4,5)]` Is a non-singular matrix , since `|A| = 10-12 =-2 !=0`

 
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