● Almost all `color{violet}("enzymes")` are `color{brown}("proteins.")`
● There are some `color{violet}("nucleic acids")` that behave like `color{violet}("enzymes.")` These are called `color{brown}("ribozymes.")`
● One can depict an enzyme by a `color{violet}("line diagram.")`
● An enzyme like any protein has a `color{brown}("primary structure,")` i.e., `color{violet}("amino acid")` sequence of the `color{violet}("protein.")`
● An `color{violet}("enzyme")` like any protein has the `color{brown}("secondary")` and the `color{brown}("tertiary structure.")`
● Looking at a `color{violet}("tertiary structure")` one will notice that the backbone of the `color{violet}("protein chain")` folds upon itself, the chain criss-crosses itself and hence, many `color{brown}("crevices or pockets")` are made.
● One such pocket is the `color{brown}("‘active site’.")`
● An active site of an enzyme is a crevice or pocket into which the `color[brown}("substrate fits.")`
● Thus enzymes, through their active site, `color{brown}("catalyse reactions")` at a high rate.
● `color{violet}("Enzyme catalysts")` differ from `color{violet}("inorganic catalysts")` in many ways, but one major difference needs mention.
● `color{violet}("Inorganic catalysts")` work efficiently at `color{brown}("high temperatures and high pressures")`, while enzymes get damaged at high temperatures (say above `"40°C"`).
● However, `color{violet}("enzymes isolated")` from organisms who normally live under extremely high temperatures (e.g., hot vents and `color{brown}("Sulphur springs")` ), are stable and retain their `color{violet}("catalytic power ")` even at high temperatures (upto `color{brown}("80°-90°C")` ).
● `color{brown}("Thermal stability")` is thus an important quality of such enzymes isolated from `color{brown}("thermophilic organisms.")`
● Almost all `color{violet}("enzymes")` are `color{brown}("proteins.")`
● There are some `color{violet}("nucleic acids")` that behave like `color{violet}("enzymes.")` These are called `color{brown}("ribozymes.")`
● One can depict an enzyme by a `color{violet}("line diagram.")`
● An enzyme like any protein has a `color{brown}("primary structure,")` i.e., `color{violet}("amino acid")` sequence of the `color{violet}("protein.")`
● An `color{violet}("enzyme")` like any protein has the `color{brown}("secondary")` and the `color{brown}("tertiary structure.")`
● Looking at a `color{violet}("tertiary structure")` one will notice that the backbone of the `color{violet}("protein chain")` folds upon itself, the chain criss-crosses itself and hence, many `color{brown}("crevices or pockets")` are made.
● One such pocket is the `color{brown}("‘active site’.")`
● An active site of an enzyme is a crevice or pocket into which the `color[brown}("substrate fits.")`
● Thus enzymes, through their active site, `color{brown}("catalyse reactions")` at a high rate.
● `color{violet}("Enzyme catalysts")` differ from `color{violet}("inorganic catalysts")` in many ways, but one major difference needs mention.
● `color{violet}("Inorganic catalysts")` work efficiently at `color{brown}("high temperatures and high pressures")`, while enzymes get damaged at high temperatures (say above `"40°C"`).
● However, `color{violet}("enzymes isolated")` from organisms who normally live under extremely high temperatures (e.g., hot vents and `color{brown}("Sulphur springs")` ), are stable and retain their `color{violet}("catalytic power ")` even at high temperatures (upto `color{brown}("80°-90°C")` ).
● `color{brown}("Thermal stability")` is thus an important quality of such enzymes isolated from `color{brown}("thermophilic organisms.")`